fix: replace route closures with controllers, add Argon2id password migration

- Replace closures in web.php and auth.php with dedicated controllers
  (LoginRedirectController, LogoutController, TwoFactorChallengeController,
  EmailVerificationController) to fix route caching issues
- Add migration to increase password column to VARCHAR(255) for Argon2id support
- Fix 500 error caused by route cache incompatibility with closures

routes/auth.php

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 
+use App\Http\Controllers\Auth\EmailVerificationController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Auth\SocialAuthController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Auth\TwoFactorChallengeController;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
 use Laravel\Fortify\Features;
 use Laravel\Fortify\Http\Controllers\RegisteredUserController;
@@ -38,14 +40,11 @@ Route::middleware(['guest', 'throttle:60,1'])->group(function () {
 });
 
 // Two factor challenge login
-Route::get('/two-factor-challenge', static fn () => view('auth.two-factor-challenge'))->name('two-factor.login');
+Route::get('/two-factor-challenge', TwoFactorChallengeController::class)->name('two-factor.login');
 
 // Email verification resend
-Route::post('/email/verification-notification', static function () {
-    request()->user()->sendEmailVerificationNotification();
-
-    return back()->with('status', 'verification-link-sent');
-})->middleware(['auth', 'throttle:6,1'])->name('verification.send');
+Route::post('/email/verification-notification', EmailVerificationController::class)
+    ->middleware(['auth', 'throttle:6,1'])->name('verification.send');
 
 // Two factor challenge with throttle
 if (Features::enabled(Features::twoFactorAuthentication())) {