feat(security): Cloudflare-aware IP trust and admin-tunable anti-DDoS

- resolveClientIp: trust cf-connecting-ip only behind cf-ray/cdn-loop, use nginx x-real-ip otherwise (anti-spoof)
- antiddos-config: Redis-backed live config (antiddos:config) with 30s cache, 13 ANTI_DDOS_* env vars
- ddos-guard: consume tunable rates/tiers via getAntiddosConfig
- admin panel at /admin/devops/antiddos (save/reset/unban actions, PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW)
- register new admin page in housekeeping migration matrix (146 -> 147)

src/actions/admin-antiddos.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+"use server";
+
+import { like } from "drizzle-orm";
+import { revalidatePath } from "next/cache";
+import { requirePermission } from "@/lib/admin/guard";
+import {
+	type AntiddosBlockTier,
+	type AntiddosConfig,
+	antiddosConfigToJson,
+	antiddosDefaultsFromEnv,
+	invalidateAntiddosConfig,
+} from "@/lib/antiddos-config";
+import { db, WebsiteSetting } from "@/lib/db";
+import { logger } from "@/lib/logger";
+import { PERMS } from "@/lib/permissions";
+import { redis } from "@/lib/redis";
+import { siteSettings } from "@/lib/services/site-settings";
+
+const OVERRIDE_KEY = "antiddos:config";
+
+function str(raw: FormDataEntryValue | null): string {
+	return typeof raw === "string" ? raw : "";
+}
+
+function positiveInt(raw: FormDataEntryValue | null, fallback: number): number {
+	const n = Number(str(raw));
+	if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n <= 0) return fallback;
+	return Math.floor(n);
+}
+
+function parseTiers(raw: FormDataEntryValue | null): AntiddosBlockTier[] {
+	const tiers: AntiddosBlockTier[] = [];
+	for (const part of str(raw).split(",")) {
+		const [minRaw, ttlRaw] = part.split(":");
+		const min = Number(minRaw);
+		const ttl = Number(ttlRaw);
+		if (!Number.isFinite(min) || !Number.isFinite(ttl) || ttl <= 0) continue;
+		tiers.push({
+			minViolations: Math.max(1, Math.floor(min)),
+			ttlSeconds: Math.floor(ttl),
+		});
+	}
+	tiers.sort((a, b) => a.minViolations - b.minViolations);
+	return tiers;
+}
+
+function configFromForm(formData: FormData): AntiddosConfig {
+	const defaults = antiddosDefaultsFromEnv();
+	const tierRaw = str(formData.get("block_tiers")).trim();
+	return {
+		enabled: str(formData.get("enabled")) === "1",
+		pages: {
+			limit: positiveInt(formData.get("pages_limit"), defaults.pages.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				formData.get("pages_window_sec"),
+				defaults.pages.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		api: {
+			limit: positiveInt(formData.get("api_limit"), defaults.api.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				formData.get("api_window_sec"),
+				defaults.api.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		auth: {
+			limit: positiveInt(formData.get("auth_limit"), defaults.auth.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				formData.get("auth_window_sec"),
+				defaults.auth.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		global: {
+			limit: positiveInt(formData.get("global_limit"), defaults.global.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				formData.get("global_window_sec"),
+				defaults.global.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		violationWindowSeconds: positiveInt(
+			formData.get("violation_window_sec"),
+			defaults.violationWindowSeconds,
+		),
+		maxViolations: positiveInt(
+			formData.get("max_violations"),
+			defaults.maxViolations,
+		),
+		blockTiers:
+			tierRaw.length > 0
+				? parseTiers(formData.get("block_tiers"))
+				: defaults.blockTiers,
+		globalHaltMs: positiveInt(
+			formData.get("global_halt_ms"),
+			defaults.globalHaltMs,
+		),
+	};
+}
+
+async function persistSettings(config: AntiddosConfig): Promise<void> {
+	const entries: [string, string][] = [
+		["antiddos_enabled", config.enabled ? "1" : "0"],
+		["antiddos_pages_limit", String(config.pages.limit)],
+		["antiddos_pages_window_sec", String(config.pages.windowSeconds)],
+		["antiddos_api_limit", String(config.api.limit)],
+		["antiddos_api_window_sec", String(config.api.windowSeconds)],
+		["antiddos_auth_limit", String(config.auth.limit)],
+		["antiddos_auth_window_sec", String(config.auth.windowSeconds)],
+		["antiddos_global_limit", String(config.global.limit)],
+		["antiddos_global_window_sec", String(config.global.windowSeconds)],
+		["antiddos_violation_window_sec", String(config.violationWindowSeconds)],
+		["antiddos_max_violations", String(config.maxViolations)],
+		[
+			"antiddos_block_tiers",
+			config.blockTiers
+				.map((t) => `${t.minViolations}:${t.ttlSeconds}`)
+				.join(","),
+		],
+		["antiddos_global_halt_ms", String(config.globalHaltMs)],
+	];
+	await Promise.all(
+		entries.map(([key, value]) =>
+			db
+				.insert(WebsiteSetting)
+				.values({ key, value, comment: "Anti-DDoS protection" })
+				.onDuplicateKeyUpdate({ set: { value } }),
+		),
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Save anti-DDoS settings from the admin panel. Persists to site settings
+ * (durable across Redis flushes) and pushes the same config to the Redis
+ * override the proxy reads, so the change is live within the proxy cache TTL.
+ */
+export async function saveAntiddosSettings(formData: FormData): Promise<void> {
+	const staff = await requirePermission(PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW);
+	const config = configFromForm(formData);
+
+	try {
+		await persistSettings(config);
+		if (redis) {
+			await redis.set(OVERRIDE_KEY, antiddosConfigToJson(config));
+		}
+		invalidateAntiddosConfig();
+		siteSettings.reload();
+		logger.info("Anti-DDoS settings updated", {
+			staff: staff.username,
+			enabled: config.enabled,
+		});
+	} catch (err) {
+		logger.error("Failed to save anti-DDoS settings", { err });
+	}
+	revalidatePath("/admin/devops/antiddos");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Revert to the boot defaults (env) — drop the Redis live override and the
+ * DB-persisted settings. The gate immediately falls back to env ANTI_DDOS_*.
+ */
+export async function resetAntiddosSettings(): Promise<void> {
+	const staff = await requirePermission(PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW);
+
+	try {
+		if (redis) await redis.del(OVERRIDE_KEY);
+		// Remove every persisted antiddos_* row.
+		await db
+			.delete(WebsiteSetting)
+			.where(like(WebsiteSetting.key, "antiddos_%"));
+		invalidateAntiddosConfig();
+		siteSettings.reload();
+		logger.info("Anti-DDoS settings reset to defaults", {
+			staff: staff.username,
+		});
+	} catch (err) {
+		logger.error("Failed to reset anti-DDoS settings", { err });
+	}
+	revalidatePath("/admin/devops/antiddos");
+}
+
+/** Remove a single IP from the temporary DDoS block list. */
+export async function unbanAntiddosIp(formData: FormData): Promise<void> {
+	const staff = await requirePermission(PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW);
+	const ip = str(formData.get("ip")).trim();
+	if (!ip) return;
+
+	try {
+		if (redis) {
+			await Promise.all([
+				redis.del(`antiddos:block:${ip}`),
+				redis.del(`antiddos:v:${ip}`),
+			]);
+		}
+		logger.info("Anti-DDoS block manually removed", {
+			staff: staff.username,
+			ip,
+		});
+	} catch (err) {
+		logger.error("Failed to remove anti-DDoS block", { err, ip });
+	}
+	revalidatePath("/admin/devops/antiddos");
+}

src/app/admin/devops/antiddos/page.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+import { BadgeCheck, Cloud, Lock, Server, ShieldAlert } from "lucide-react";
+import { headers } from "next/headers";
+import { redirect } from "next/navigation";
+import {
+	resetAntiddosSettings,
+	saveAntiddosSettings,
+	unbanAntiddosIp,
+} from "@/actions/admin-antiddos";
+import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from "@/components/ui/card";
+import {
+	antiddosDefaultsFromEnv,
+	getAntiddosConfig,
+} from "@/lib/antiddos-config";
+import { resolveClientIp } from "@/lib/client-ip";
+import { isCloudflareProxied, preferredClientIpHeader } from "@/lib/cloudflare";
+import { db, WebsiteSetting } from "@/lib/db";
+import { canAccess, getAdminContext, PERMS } from "@/lib/permissions";
+import { redis } from "@/lib/redis";
+
+function seconds(ttlMs: number): string {
+	const s = Math.floor(ttlMs / 1000);
+	if (s <= 0) return "–";
+	if (s < 60) return `${s}s`;
+	if (s < 3600) return `${Math.floor(s / 60)}m${s % 60 ? ` ${s % 60}s` : ""}`;
+	return `${Math.floor(s / 3600)}h ${Math.floor((s % 3600) / 60)}m`;
+}
+
+export default async function AdminAntiDdosPage() {
+	const { session, permissions } = await getAdminContext();
+	if (!canAccess(permissions, PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW, session.user.rank)) {
+		redirect("/admin");
+	}
+
+	const [effective, defaults, requestHeaders, persistedRows] =
+		await Promise.all([
+			getAntiddosConfig(),
+			antiddosDefaultsFromEnv(),
+			headers(),
+			db
+				.select({ key: WebsiteSetting.key, value: WebsiteSetting.value })
+				.from(WebsiteSetting)
+				.then((rows) => new Map(rows.map((r) => [r.key, r.value])))
+				.catch(() => new Map() as Map<string, string>),
+		]);
+
+	const cloudflare = isCloudflareProxied(requestHeaders);
+	const sourceHeader = preferredClientIpHeader(requestHeaders);
+	const viewerIp = resolveClientIp(requestHeaders);
+
+	let blocks: { ip: string; ttlMs: number; count: number }[] = [];
+	let redisOk = false;
+	const rateStore = redis;
+	if (rateStore) {
+		redisOk = true;
+		try {
+			const blockKeys = await rateStore.keys("antiddos:block:*");
+			const violationKeys = await rateStore.keys("antiddos:v:*");
+			const violationCounts = new Map<string, number>();
+			for (const key of violationKeys.slice(0, 200)) {
+				// incr is used on writes; for display we just read the raw value.
+				const raw = await rateStore.get(key);
+				const n = Number(raw);
+				violationCounts.set(
+					key.replace(`antiddos:v:`, ""),
+					Number.isFinite(n) ? n : 0,
+				);
+			}
+			const withTtl = await Promise.all(
+				blockKeys.slice(0, 100).map(async (key) => {
+					const ttlMs = await rateStore.pttl(key);
+					return {
+						ip: key.replace("antiddos:block:", ""),
+						ttlMs: ttlMs > 0 ? ttlMs : 0,
+						count: violationCounts.get(key.replace("antiddos:block:", "")) ?? 0,
+					};
+				}),
+			);
+			blocks = withTtl
+				.filter((b) => b.ttlMs > 0)
+				.sort((a, b) => a.ttlMs - b.ttlMs);
+		} catch {
+			redisOk = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	const stored = persistedRows;
+
+	return (
+		<div className="space-y-6">
+			<div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-5">
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between space-y-0 pb-2">
+						<CardTitle className="text-sm font-medium">Gate</CardTitle>
+						<ShieldAlert className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<Badge variant={effective.enabled ? "default" : "secondary"}>
+							{effective.enabled ? "Enabled" : "Disabled"}
+						</Badge>
+						<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+							Boot default: {defaults.enabled ? "on" : "off"}
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between space-y-0 pb-2">
+						<CardTitle className="text-sm font-medium">Rates</CardTitle>
+						<Server className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<div className="text-2xl font-bold">
+							{effective.api.limit}
+							<span className="text-sm font-normal text-muted-foreground">
+								{" "}
+								/min API
+							</span>
+						</div>
+						<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+							Pages {effective.pages.limit} · Auth {effective.auth.limit} ·
+							Global {effective.global.limit}
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between space-y-0 pb-2">
+						<CardTitle className="text-sm font-medium">Cloudflare</CardTitle>
+						<Cloud className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<Badge variant={cloudflare ? "default" : "secondary"}>
+							{cloudflare ? "Detected" : "Not detected"}
+						</Badge>
+						<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+							IP source: {sourceHeader}
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between space-y-0 pb-2">
+						<CardTitle className="text-sm font-medium">Active blocks</CardTitle>
+						<Lock className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<div
+							className="text-2xl font-bold"
+							style={{
+								color: blocks.length ? "var(--destructive)" : undefined,
+							}}
+						>
+							{blocks.length}
+						</div>
+						<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+							Temporary DDoS blocks
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader className="flex flex-row items-center justify-between space-y-0 pb-2">
+						<CardTitle className="text-sm font-medium">Redis</CardTitle>
+						<BadgeCheck className="h-4 w-4 text-muted-foreground" />
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<Badge variant={redisOk ? "default" : "destructive"}>
+							{redisOk ? "Connected" : "Unavailable"}
+						</Badge>
+						<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+							Shared rate-limit state
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+			</div>
+
+			{!cloudflare && (
+				<Card>
+					<CardHeader>
+						<CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
+							<Cloud className="h-4 w-4" /> Cloudflare not detected
+						</CardTitle>
+					</CardHeader>
+					<CardContent>
+						<p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+							This request did not arrive through Cloudflare. When the site DNS
+							is proxied (orange cloud), the CMS trusts the real visitor IP from{" "}
+							<span className="font-mono">CF-Connecting-IP</span>. A direct
+							client can spoof that header — put the origin behind Cloudflare
+							and restrict direct access to the origin ports for full DDoS
+							protection.
+						</p>
+						<p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground mt-2">
+							Your request is keyed as{" "}
+							<span className="font-mono">{viewerIp}</span> (via{" "}
+							<span className="font-mono">{sourceHeader}</span>).
+						</p>
+					</CardContent>
+				</Card>
+			)}
+
+			<Card>
+				<CardHeader>
+					<CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
+						<ShieldAlert className="h-4 w-4" /> Anti-DDoS settings
+					</CardTitle>
+				</CardHeader>
+				<CardContent>
+					<form action={saveAntiddosSettings} className="space-y-4">
+						<label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
+							<input
+								type="checkbox"
+								name="enabled"
+								value="1"
+								defaultChecked={effective.enabled}
+							/>
+							Enable the app-layer anti-DDoS gate (production only)
+						</label>
+
+						<div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 md:grid-cols-3">
+							{(
+								[
+									["pages", "Pages", "pages_limit", "pages_window_sec"],
+									["api", "API", "api_limit", "api_window_sec"],
+									["auth", "Auth", "auth_limit", "auth_window_sec"],
+								] as const
+							).map(([category, label, limitName, windowName]) => (
+								<div key={category} className="rounded-md border p-3">
+									<p className="font-semibold text-sm mb-2">{label}</p>
+									<div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+										<input
+											name={limitName}
+											type="number"
+											defaultValue={effective[category].limit}
+											className="w-24"
+										/>
+										<span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+											req/min
+										</span>
+										<input
+											name={windowName}
+											type="number"
+											defaultValue={effective[category].windowSeconds}
+											className="w-20"
+										/>
+										<span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+											sec window
+										</span>
+									</div>
+								</div>
+							))}
+						</div>
+
+						<div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-4 md:grid-cols-2">
+							<label className="block">
+								<span className="text-xs font-medium">
+									Global valve (req/min)
+								</span>
+								<div className="flex items-center gap-2 mt-1">
+									<input
+										name="global_limit"
+										type="number"
+										defaultValue={effective.global.limit}
+										className="w-24"
+									/>
+									<input
+										name="global_window_sec"
+										type="number"
+										defaultValue={effective.global.windowSeconds}
+										className="w-20"
+									/>
+									<span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+										sec window
+									</span>
+								</div>
+							</label>
+							<label className="block">
+								<span className="text-xs font-medium">
+									Global halt short-circuit (ms)
+								</span>
+								<input
+									name="global_halt_ms"
+									type="number"
+									defaultValue={effective.globalHaltMs}
+									className="w-32 mt-1"
+								/>
+							</label>
+							<label className="block">
+								<span className="text-xs font-medium">
+									Violation window (sec)
+								</span>
+								<input
+									name="violation_window_sec"
+									type="number"
+									defaultValue={effective.violationWindowSeconds}
+									className="w-32 mt-1"
+								/>
+							</label>
+							<label className="block">
+								<span className="text-xs font-medium">
+									Violations before block
+								</span>
+								<input
+									name="max_violations"
+									type="number"
+									defaultValue={effective.maxViolations}
+									className="w-32 mt-1"
+								/>
+							</label>
+						</div>
+
+						<div>
+							<label className="block">
+								<span className="text-xs font-medium">
+									Escalation tiers (min:ttlSeconds, comma separated)
+								</span>
+								<input
+									name="block_tiers"
+									defaultValue={effective.blockTiers
+										.map((t) => `${t.minViolations}:${t.ttlSeconds}`)
+										.join(",")}
+									className="w-full mt-1 font-mono"
+								/>
+							</label>
+							<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mt-1">
+								Boot default:{" "}
+								{defaults.blockTiers
+									.map((t) => `${t.minViolations}:${t.ttlSeconds}`)
+									.join(", ")}
+							</p>
+						</div>
+
+						<div className="flex gap-2">
+							<Button type="submit" variant="default">
+								Save settings
+							</Button>
+						</div>
+					</form>
+
+					<form action={resetAntiddosSettings} className="mt-4">
+						<Button type="submit" variant="outline">
+							Reset to boot defaults (env)
+						</Button>
+					</form>
+				</CardContent>
+			</Card>
+
+			<Card>
+				<CardHeader>
+					<CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2">
+						<Lock className="h-4 w-4" /> Blocked IPs ({blocks.length})
+					</CardTitle>
+				</CardHeader>
+				<CardContent>
+					{blocks.length === 0 ? (
+						<p className="text-sm text-muted-foreground">
+							No IPs are currently rate-limited into a temporary block.
+						</p>
+					) : (
+						<div className="space-y-2">
+							{blocks.map((b) => (
+								<div
+									key={b.ip}
+									className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 rounded-md border p-2 text-sm"
+								>
+									<span className="font-mono">{b.ip}</span>
+									<span className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+										TTL {seconds(b.ttlMs)} · violations {b.count}
+									</span>
+									<form action={unbanAntiddosIp}>
+										<input type="hidden" name="ip" value={b.ip} />
+										<Button type="submit" size="sm" variant="outline">
+											Unban
+										</Button>
+									</form>
+								</div>
+							))}
+						</div>
+					)}
+				</CardContent>
+			</Card>
+
+			{stored.size === 0 && (
+				<p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">
+					Persisted site settings: none yet — the form values above reflect the
+					current effective configuration.
+				</p>
+			)}
+		</div>
+	);
+}

src/app/admin/devops/page.tsx

@@ -71,6 +71,9 @@ export default async function DevOpsPage() {
 			<Link href="/admin/devops/deliveries" className="btn btn-outline">
 				{deliveries("title")}
 			</Link>
+			<Link href="/admin/devops/antiddos" className="btn btn-outline">
+				Anti-DDoS protection
+			</Link>
 			{/* Status cards */}
 			<div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-5">
 				<Card>

src/env.ts

@@ -106,6 +106,29 @@ const schema = z
 			.string()
 			.optional()
 			.transform((value) => value !== "false" && value !== "0"),
+		// Anti-DDoS thresholds. These are the YAML-file boot defaults; the admin
+		// panel can override them at runtime (Redis `antiddos:config`).
+		ANTI_DDOS_PAGES_LIMIT: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(300),
+		ANTI_DDOS_PAGES_WINDOW_SEC: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(60),
+		ANTI_DDOS_API_LIMIT: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(600),
+		ANTI_DDOS_API_WINDOW_SEC: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(60),
+		ANTI_DDOS_AUTH_LIMIT: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(20),
+		ANTI_DDOS_AUTH_WINDOW_SEC: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(60),
+		ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_LIMIT: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(18_000),
+		ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_WINDOW_SEC: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(60),
+		ANTI_DDOS_VIOLATION_WINDOW_SEC: z.coerce
+			.number()
+			.int()
+			.positive()
+			.default(600),
+		ANTI_DDOS_MAX_VIOLATIONS: z.coerce.number().int().positive().default(10),
+		// Escalation tiers as "minViolations:ttlSeconds,minViolations:ttlSeconds".
+		ANTI_DDOS_BLOCK_TIERS: z.string().optional(),
+		ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_HALT_MS: z.coerce
+			.number()
+			.int()
+			.positive()
+			.default(10_000),
 		// Logging level.
 		LOG_LEVEL: z.enum(["debug", "info", "warn", "error"]).optional(),
 		APP_VERSION: z.string().optional(),

src/features/housekeeping/foundation/foundation-source-contract.test.ts

@@ -621,15 +621,15 @@ describe("housekeeping foundation completion contracts", () => {
 		expect(html).toContain(`>${sentinel}</button>`);
 	});
 
-	it("validates the complete 146-row migration matrix without issues", () => {
+	it("validates the complete 147-row migration matrix without issues", () => {
 		const discovered = discoverLegacyPages();
 		const issues = validateMigrationEntries(
 			discovered,
 			HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX,
 		);
 
-		expect(HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX).toHaveLength(146);
-		expect(discovered).toHaveLength(146);
+		expect(HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX).toHaveLength(147);
+		expect(discovered).toHaveLength(147);
 		expect(issues).toEqual([]);
 	});
 });

src/features/housekeeping/migration/discover-legacy-pages.test.ts

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ describe("discoverLegacyPages", () => {
 	it("discovers the exact legacy administration inventory", () => {
 		const pages = discoverLegacyPages();
 
-		expect(pages).toHaveLength(146);
+		expect(pages).toHaveLength(147);
 		expect(pages).toContainEqual({
 			surface: "admin",
 			legacyPath: "/admin/users/:id/edit",

src/features/housekeeping/migration/matrix.test.ts

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import { HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX } from "./matrix";
 import { validateMigrationEntries } from "./validate-matrix";
 
 describe("HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX", () => {
-	it("covers all 146 legacy pages exactly once", () => {
+	it("covers all 147 legacy pages exactly once", () => {
 		const discovered = discoverLegacyPages();
 
-		expect(HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX).toHaveLength(146);
+		expect(HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX).toHaveLength(147);
 		expect(
 			validateMigrationEntries(discovered, HOUSEKEEPING_MIGRATION_MATRIX),
 		).toEqual([]);

src/features/housekeeping/migration/system.test.ts

@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ const SYSTEM_PREFIXES = [
 ] as const;
 
 describe("systemMigrationEntries", () => {
-	it("covers all 23 System pages exactly once", () => {
-		expect(systemMigrationEntries).toHaveLength(23);
+	it("covers all 24 System pages exactly once", () => {
+		expect(systemMigrationEntries).toHaveLength(24);
 		expect(
 			validateMigrationEntries(
 				ownedLegacyPages(SYSTEM_PREFIXES),

src/features/housekeeping/migration/system.ts

@@ -272,6 +272,36 @@ export const systemMigrationEntries: readonly MigrationEntry[] = [
 		localization: "PARTIAL",
 		accessibility: "PARTIAL",
 	}),
+	plannedSystemEntry({
+		surface: "admin",
+		legacyPath: "/admin/devops/antiddos",
+		sourceFile: "src/app/admin/devops/antiddos/page.tsx",
+		targetPath: "/admin/system/configuration/antiddos",
+		decision: "REHOST",
+		capabilities: {
+			read: [PERMS.SETTINGS_VIEW],
+			mutate: [PERMS.SETTINGS_EDIT],
+		},
+		dependencies: {
+			queries: [
+				"antiddos:config override",
+				"WebsiteSetting antiddos_*",
+				"blocked anti-DDoS IPs",
+				"GET /api/health",
+			],
+			mutations: [
+				"saveAntiddosSettings",
+				"resetAntiddosSettings",
+				"unbanAntiddosIp",
+			],
+		},
+		auditRequirement: "MUTATION",
+		localization: "PARTIAL",
+		accessibility: "PARTIAL",
+		notes: [
+			"Tunable anti-DDoS rates and block tiers; Cloudflare detection is read-only and driven by cf-ray/cdn-loop presence",
+		],
+	}),
 	plannedSystemEntry({
 		surface: "admin",
 		legacyPath: "/admin/emulator",

src/lib/antiddos-config.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+const state = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+	value: null as string | null,
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@/lib/redis", () => ({
+	redis: {
+		get: async () => state.value,
+	},
+	__esModule: true,
+}));
+
+import {
+	antiddosConfigToJson,
+	antiddosDefaultsFromEnv,
+	getAntiddosConfig,
+	invalidateAntiddosConfig,
+} from "@/lib/antiddos-config";
+
+describe("antiddos-config", () => {
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		state.value = null;
+		invalidateAntiddosConfig();
+	});
+
+	it("returns sane boot defaults without a live override", async () => {
+		const config = await getAntiddosConfig();
+		expect(config.enabled).toBe(true);
+		expect(config.pages.limit).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+		expect(config.api.limit).toBeGreaterThan(config.auth.limit);
+		expect(config.blockTiers.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+		expect(config.globalHaltMs).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+	});
+
+	it("applies the admin live override from Redis", async () => {
+		state.value = JSON.stringify({
+			enabled: false,
+			auth: { limit: 5, windowSeconds: 30 },
+			global: { limit: 1000, windowSeconds: 60 },
+			blockTiers: [
+				{ minViolations: 3, ttlSeconds: 120 },
+				{ minViolations: 9, ttlSeconds: 900 },
+			],
+		});
+		const config = await getAntiddosConfig();
+		expect(config.enabled).toBe(false);
+		expect(config.auth.limit).toBe(5);
+		expect(config.auth.windowSeconds).toBe(30);
+		expect(config.pages.limit).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+		expect(config.blockTiers.map((t) => t.minViolations)).toEqual([3, 9]);
+	});
+
+	it("sanitizes malformed overrides instead of trusting them", async () => {
+		state.value = JSON.stringify({
+			enabled: true,
+			pages: { limit: -5, windowSeconds: "x" },
+			blockTiers: "garbage",
+		});
+		const config = await getAntiddosConfig();
+		expect(config.pages.limit).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+		expect(Array.isArray(config.blockTiers)).toBe(true);
+		expect(config.blockTiers.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+	});
+
+	it("stores the config JSON serialization", () => {
+		const raw = JSON.parse(antiddosConfigToJson(antiddosDefaultsFromEnv()));
+		expect(raw.enabled).toBe(true);
+		expect(typeof raw.pages.limit).toBe("number");
+		expect(Array.isArray(raw.blockTiers)).toBe(true);
+	});
+});

src/lib/antiddos-config.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+import "server-only";
+
+import { env } from "@/env";
+import { redis } from "@/lib/redis";
+
+export interface AntiddosCategoryConfig {
+	limit: number;
+	windowSeconds: number;
+}
+
+export interface AntiddosBlockTier {
+	minViolations: number;
+	ttlSeconds: number;
+}
+
+export interface AntiddosConfig {
+	enabled: boolean;
+	pages: AntiddosCategoryConfig;
+	api: AntiddosCategoryConfig;
+	auth: AntiddosCategoryConfig;
+	global: AntiddosCategoryConfig;
+	violationWindowSeconds: number;
+	maxViolations: number;
+	blockTiers: AntiddosBlockTier[];
+	globalHaltMs: number;
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_CONFIG: AntiddosConfig = {
+	enabled: true,
+	pages: { limit: 300, windowSeconds: 60 },
+	api: { limit: 600, windowSeconds: 60 },
+	auth: { limit: 20, windowSeconds: 60 },
+	global: { limit: 18_000, windowSeconds: 60 },
+	violationWindowSeconds: 600,
+	maxViolations: 10,
+	blockTiers: [
+		{ minViolations: 5, ttlSeconds: 600 },
+		{ minViolations: 20, ttlSeconds: 3_600 },
+		{ minViolations: 50, ttlSeconds: 86_400 },
+	],
+	globalHaltMs: 10_000,
+};
+
+function positiveInt(value: number | undefined, fallback: number): number {
+	const n = Number(value);
+	if (!Number.isFinite(n) || n <= 0) return fallback;
+	return Math.floor(n);
+}
+
+function parseTiers(raw: string | undefined): AntiddosBlockTier[] | null {
+	if (!raw?.trim()) return null;
+	const tiers: AntiddosBlockTier[] = [];
+	for (const part of raw.split(",")) {
+		const [minRaw, ttlRaw] = part.split(":");
+		const min = Number(minRaw);
+		const ttl = Number(ttlRaw);
+		if (!Number.isFinite(min) || !Number.isFinite(ttl) || ttl <= 0) return null;
+		tiers.push({
+			minViolations: Math.max(1, Math.floor(min)),
+			ttlSeconds: ttl,
+		});
+	}
+	if (tiers.length === 0) return null;
+	tiers.sort((a, b) => a.minViolations - b.minViolations);
+	return tiers;
+}
+
+/** Boot defaults from environment (explicitly set → overrides code; unset → sane value). */
+export function antiddosDefaultsFromEnv(): AntiddosConfig {
+	const tiers = parseTiers(env.ANTI_DDOS_BLOCK_TIERS);
+	return {
+		enabled: env.ANTI_DDOS_ENABLED !== false,
+		pages: {
+			limit: positiveInt(env.ANTI_DDOS_PAGES_LIMIT, DEFAULT_CONFIG.pages.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				env.ANTI_DDOS_PAGES_WINDOW_SEC,
+				DEFAULT_CONFIG.pages.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		api: {
+			limit: positiveInt(env.ANTI_DDOS_API_LIMIT, DEFAULT_CONFIG.api.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				env.ANTI_DDOS_API_WINDOW_SEC,
+				DEFAULT_CONFIG.api.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		auth: {
+			limit: positiveInt(env.ANTI_DDOS_AUTH_LIMIT, DEFAULT_CONFIG.auth.limit),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				env.ANTI_DDOS_AUTH_WINDOW_SEC,
+				DEFAULT_CONFIG.auth.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		global: {
+			limit: positiveInt(
+				env.ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_LIMIT,
+				DEFAULT_CONFIG.global.limit,
+			),
+			windowSeconds: positiveInt(
+				env.ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_WINDOW_SEC,
+				DEFAULT_CONFIG.global.windowSeconds,
+			),
+		},
+		violationWindowSeconds: positiveInt(
+			env.ANTI_DDOS_VIOLATION_WINDOW_SEC,
+			DEFAULT_CONFIG.violationWindowSeconds,
+		),
+		maxViolations: positiveInt(
+			env.ANTI_DDOS_MAX_VIOLATIONS,
+			DEFAULT_CONFIG.maxViolations,
+		),
+		blockTiers: tiers ?? DEFAULT_CONFIG.blockTiers,
+		globalHaltMs: positiveInt(
+			env.ANTI_DDOS_GLOBAL_HALT_MS,
+			DEFAULT_CONFIG.globalHaltMs,
+		),
+	};
+}
+
+const OVERRIDE_KEY = "antiddos:config";
+const MEMORY_TTL_MS = 30_000;
+const ABSENT_CACHE_MS = 30_000;
+
+let cachedAt = 0;
+let cachedConfig: AntiddosConfig | null = null;
+
+function sanitize(config: AntiddosConfig): AntiddosConfig {
+	const base = antiddosDefaultsFromEnv();
+	const cat = (
+		c: AntiddosCategoryConfig,
+		fallback: AntiddosCategoryConfig,
+	): AntiddosCategoryConfig => ({
+		limit: positiveInt(c?.limit, fallback.limit),
+		windowSeconds: positiveInt(c?.windowSeconds, fallback.windowSeconds),
+	});
+	return {
+		enabled: Boolean(config?.enabled),
+		pages: cat(config?.pages, base.pages),
+		api: cat(config?.api, base.api),
+		auth: cat(config?.auth, base.auth),
+		global: cat(config?.global, base.global),
+		violationWindowSeconds: positiveInt(
+			config?.violationWindowSeconds,
+			base.violationWindowSeconds,
+		),
+		maxViolations: positiveInt(config?.maxViolations, base.maxViolations),
+		blockTiers:
+			Array.isArray(config?.blockTiers) && config.blockTiers.length > 0
+				? config.blockTiers
+						.filter((t) => t && t.ttlSeconds > 0)
+						.map((t) => ({
+							minViolations: positiveInt(t.minViolations, 1),
+							ttlSeconds: positiveInt(t.ttlSeconds, 600),
+						}))
+						.sort((a, b) => a.minViolations - b.minViolations)
+				: base.blockTiers,
+		globalHaltMs: positiveInt(config?.globalHaltMs, base.globalHaltMs),
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * Effective anti-DDoS configuration. The admin panel writes the full JSON to
+ * the Redis `antiddos:config` key (and mirrors it into site settings for
+ * durability); the proxy reads it with a short in-process TTL so the running
+ * deployment picks changes up quickly. On Redis miss it returns the env-derived
+ * boot defaults.
+ */
+export async function getAntiddosConfig(): Promise<AntiddosConfig> {
+	const now = Date.now();
+	if (cachedConfig !== null && now - cachedAt < MEMORY_TTL_MS) {
+		return cachedConfig;
+	}
+
+	if (redis) {
+		try {
+			const raw = await redis.get(OVERRIDE_KEY);
+			if (raw) {
+				const parsed = JSON.parse(raw) as Partial<AntiddosConfig>;
+				const config = sanitize(parsed as AntiddosConfig);
+				cachedConfig = config;
+				cachedAt = now;
+				return config;
+			}
+		} catch {
+			// fall through to env defaults; stale in-process config kept serving.
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (now - cachedAt < ABSENT_CACHE_MS && cachedConfig !== null) {
+		return cachedConfig;
+	}
+
+	const config = antiddosDefaultsFromEnv();
+	cachedConfig = config;
+	cachedAt = now;
+	return config;
+}
+
+/** Reset the in-process view (after the admin writes a new config). */
+export function invalidateAntiddosConfig(): void {
+	cachedConfig = null;
+	cachedAt = 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Serialize the live config for the `antiddos:config` value the admin persists
+ * and the proxy consumes.
+ */
+export function antiddosConfigToJson(config: AntiddosConfig): string {
+	return JSON.stringify(config);
+}

src/lib/client-ip-consumers.test.ts

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ describe("client IP security consumers", () => {
 			headers: {
 				"x-real-client-ip": "198.51.100.99",
 				"cf-connecting-ip": "2001:DB8:0:0::1",
+				"cf-ray": "abc123-FRA",
 				"x-forwarded-for": "192.0.2.10",
 			},
 			expected: "2001:db8::1",

src/lib/client-ip.test.ts

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ describe("normalized client IP addresses", () => {
 		expect(normalizeClientIp(input)).toBeNull();
 	});
 
-	it("uses the first forwarded address after an invalid higher-priority header", () => {
+	it("falls back to the trusted ingress header when a spoofed Cloudflare header lacks cf-ray", () => {
 		expect(
 			resolveClientIp(
 				new Headers({
@@ -44,6 +44,20 @@ describe("normalized client IP addresses", () => {
 					"x-real-client-ip": "198.51.100.99",
 				}),
 			),
+		).toBe("192.0.2.30");
+	});
+
+	it("ignores an invalid Cloudflare header on proxied traffic and uses the first forwarding entry", () => {
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				new Headers({
+					"cf-ray": "8a9b-AMS",
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "invalid",
+					"x-forwarded-for": " 192.0.2.10, 192.0.2.20 ",
+					"x-real-ip": "192.0.2.30",
+					"x-real-client-ip": "198.51.100.99",
+				}),
+			),
 		).toBe("192.0.2.10");
 	});
 

src/lib/client-ip.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { isIP } from "node:net";
+import { isCloudflareProxied } from "@/lib/cloudflare";
 
 export const UNKNOWN_CLIENT_IP = "0.0.0.0";
 
@@ -26,12 +27,26 @@ export function normalizeClientIp(
  * Forwarded headers must be overwritten by a trusted ingress and the origin must
  * reject direct public access. Header syntax alone cannot establish peer trust.
  * Never consume x-real-client-ip: API routes bypass the proxy that once set it.
+ *
+ * Trust order is Cloudflare-aware: only when a request demonstrably arrived via
+ * Cloudflare (CF-Connecting-IP / CF-Ray / CDN-Loop) is `CF-Connecting-IP` used.
+ * Otherwise the client-supplied CF header is ignored and only the ingress-set
+ * `X-Real-IP` (`$remote_addr`) / `X-Forwarded-For` are trusted, so a DDoS that
+ * hits the origin directly cannot re-key itself behind a spoofed header.
  */
 export function resolveClientIp(headers: Pick<Headers, "get">): string {
+	const cf = normalizeClientIp(headers.get("cf-connecting-ip"));
+	if (isCloudflareProxied(headers)) {
+		return (
+			cf ??
+			normalizeClientIp(headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",", 1)[0]) ??
+			normalizeClientIp(headers.get("x-real-ip")) ??
+			UNKNOWN_CLIENT_IP
+		);
+	}
 	return (
-		normalizeClientIp(headers.get("cf-connecting-ip")) ??
-		normalizeClientIp(headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",", 1)[0]) ??
 		normalizeClientIp(headers.get("x-real-ip")) ??
+		normalizeClientIp(headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.split(",", 1)[0]) ??
 		UNKNOWN_CLIENT_IP
 	);
 }

src/lib/cloudflare.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { resolveClientIp } from "@/lib/client-ip";
+import { isCloudflareProxied, preferredClientIpHeader } from "@/lib/cloudflare";
+
+function headers(entries: Record<string, string>): Headers {
+	const h = new Headers();
+	for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(entries)) {
+		if (v === "") h.set(k, "");
+		else h.set(k, v);
+	}
+	return h;
+}
+
+describe("isCloudflareProxied", () => {
+	it("detects Cloudflare from edge-stamped cf-ray or cdn-loop", () => {
+		expect(isCloudflareProxied(headers({ "cf-ray": "abc123-FRA" }))).toBe(true);
+		expect(isCloudflareProxied(headers({ "cdn-loop": "cloudflare" }))).toBe(
+			true,
+		);
+		expect(
+			isCloudflareProxied(
+				headers({ "cf-connecting-ip": "1.2.3.4", "cf-ray": "abc-FRA" }),
+			),
+		).toBe(true);
+	});
+
+	it("treats a bare cf-connecting-ip as spoofable and not proof", () => {
+		expect(
+			isCloudflareProxied(headers({ "cf-connecting-ip": "1.2.3.4" })),
+		).toBe(false);
+		expect(isCloudflareProxied(headers({ "x-forwarded-for": "1.2.3.4" }))).toBe(
+			false,
+		);
+		expect(isCloudflareProxied(headers({}))).toBe(false);
+	});
+});
+
+describe("preferredClientIpHeader", () => {
+	it("prefers cf-connecting-ip behind Cloudflare", () => {
+		expect(
+			preferredClientIpHeader(
+				headers({ "cf-connecting-ip": "1.2.3.4", "cf-ray": "abc-FRA" }),
+			),
+		).toBe("cf-connecting-ip");
+	});
+
+	it("prefers ingress x-real-ip outside Cloudflare", () => {
+		expect(
+			preferredClientIpHeader(
+				headers({
+					"x-real-ip": "198.51.100.9",
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "20.0.0.1",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("x-real-ip");
+		expect(
+			preferredClientIpHeader(headers({ "x-forwarded-for": "192.0.2.1" })),
+		).toBe("x-forwarded-for");
+	});
+});
+
+describe("resolveClientIp cloudflare-aware trust order", () => {
+	it("trusts cf-connecting-ip only behind Cloudflare", () => {
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				headers({
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "20.0.0.1",
+					"x-real-ip": "192.0.2.30",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("192.0.2.30");
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				headers({
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "20.0.0.1",
+					"cf-ray": "abc-FRA",
+					"x-real-ip": "192.0.2.30",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("20.0.0.1");
+	});
+
+	it("drops client spoofed cf-connecting-ip when not proxied", () => {
+		expect(resolveClientIp(headers({ "cf-connecting-ip": "20.0.0.1" }))).toBe(
+			"0.0.0.0",
+		);
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				headers({
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "20.0.0.1",
+					"x-forwarded-for": "192.0.2.10",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("192.0.2.10");
+	});
+
+	it("keeps normalized IPv6 and fallbacks identical to the audited resolver", () => {
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				headers({
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "2001:DB8:0:0::1",
+					"cf-ray": "abc-FRA",
+					"x-forwarded-for": "192.0.2.10",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("2001:db8::1");
+		expect(
+			resolveClientIp(
+				headers({
+					"cf-connecting-ip": "",
+					"x-forwarded-for": "malformed, 192.0.2.10",
+					"x-real-ip": "192.0.2.30",
+				}),
+			),
+		).toBe("192.0.2.30");
+	});
+});

src/lib/cloudflare.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/**
+ * Cloudflare presence detection.
+ *
+ * Only headers that a Cloudflare edge adds to every transit are treated as
+ * proof the request passed through Cloudflare: `CF-Ray` is stamped by the
+ * edge and `CDN-Loop: cloudflare` is prepended on CDN transits. A bare
+ * `CF-Connecting-IP` is *not* sufficient — a direct client to the origin can
+ * send that header itself — so it is only trusted in combination with one of
+ * the edge-stamped fingerprints.
+ */
+export function isCloudflareProxied(headers: Pick<Headers, "get">): boolean {
+	const ray = headers.get("cf-ray")?.trim();
+	if (ray) return true;
+	const loop = headers.get("cdn-loop")?.trim();
+	if (loop) return true;
+	return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Which client-IP header the stack should trust for a given request. When the
+ * request demonstrably transited Cloudflare, `CF-Connecting-IP` carries the
+ * real client; otherwise only the ingress-set `X-Real-IP` / `X-Forwarded-For`
+ * (derived by nginx from the actual TCP peer) may be trusted.
+ */
+export function preferredClientIpHeader(
+	headers: Pick<Headers, "get">,
+): "cf-connecting-ip" | "x-forwarded-for" | "x-real-ip" | "none" {
+	if (isCloudflareProxied(headers)) return "cf-connecting-ip";
+	if (headers.get("x-real-ip")?.trim()) return "x-real-ip";
+	if (headers.get("x-forwarded-for")?.trim()) return "x-forwarded-for";
+	return "none";
+}

src/lib/ddos-guard.ts

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ import "server-only";
 
 import type { NextRequest } from "next/server";
 import { NextResponse } from "next/server";
-
 import { env } from "@/env";
+import { getAntiddosConfig } from "@/lib/antiddos-config";
 import { resolveClientIp } from "@/lib/client-ip";
-import { classifyDdos, type DdosCategory, isSuspiciousPath } from "@/lib/ddos";
+import { classifyDdos, isSuspiciousPath } from "@/lib/ddos";
 import { rateLimit } from "@/lib/rate-limit";
 import { redis } from "@/lib/redis";
 
@@ -14,52 +14,22 @@ export type DdosDecision =
 	| { outcome: "suspect" }
 	| { outcome: "block"; retryAfterSeconds: number };
 
-export interface DdosLimitRule {
-	limit: number;
-	windowSeconds: number;
-}
-
-const DEFAULT_LIMITS: Record<DdosCategory, DdosLimitRule> = {
-	// Anonymous HTML is cached at the nginx layer for 60s, so Node only pays
-	// for cache misses and authenticated traffic here.
-	pages: { limit: 300, windowSeconds: 60 },
-	// Game clients poll a handful of endpoints; generous burst headroom that
-	// still cuts off single-IP floods.
-	api: { limit: 600, windowSeconds: 60 },
-	// Login, register and admin — the valuable brute-force surface.
-	auth: { limit: 20, windowSeconds: 60 },
-};
-
-// Global safety valve: sheds aggregate load even when a DDoS spreads over
-// many IPs, keeping the process and database alive with 429s instead of
-// letting every connection through until the DB melts.
-const GLOBAL_LIMIT: DdosLimitRule = { limit: 18_000, windowSeconds: 60 };
-
-// Escalating blocks so persistent / distributed offenders stay off longer
-// than a single window. The violation counter lives for a day; after a quiet
-// day the counter and any block TTL both expire, so blocks are self-healing.
-const VIOLATION_COUNTER_TTL_SECONDS = 86_400;
-const BLOCK_TIERS: readonly { minViolations: number; ttlSeconds: number }[] = [
-	{ minViolations: 5, ttlSeconds: 600 },
-	{ minViolations: 20, ttlSeconds: 3_600 },
-	{ minViolations: 50, ttlSeconds: 86_400 },
-];
-
-// Once the global valve trips, shed every request for a short spell from
-// process memory only — no further Redis round-trips — so a live flood can
-// never pile request-handling work onto the limiter itself.
-const GLOBAL_HALT_MS = 10_000;
-
-let globalHaltedUntil = 0;
-
 function isEnabled(): boolean {
 	if (env.NODE_ENV !== "production") return false;
 	return env.ANTI_DDOS_ENABLED;
 }
 
-function blockTtlForViolations(violations: number): number {
-	let ttl = BLOCK_TIERS[0].ttlSeconds;
-	for (const tier of BLOCK_TIERS) {
+// Once the global valve trips, shed every request for a short spell from
+// process memory only — no further Redis round-trips — so a live flood can
+// never pile request-handling work onto the limiter itself.
+let globalHaltedUntil = 0;
+
+function blockTtlForViolations(
+	violations: number,
+	tiers: readonly { minViolations: number; ttlSeconds: number }[],
+): number {
+	let ttl = tiers[0]?.ttlSeconds ?? 600;
+	for (const tier of tiers) {
 		if (violations >= tier.minViolations) ttl = tier.ttlSeconds;
 	}
 	return ttl;
@@ -71,12 +41,16 @@ function blockTtlForViolations(violations: number): number {
  * audited IP resolver. Fails open: if Redis is down, buckets degrade to
  * bounded in-process counters and block escalation is skipped.
  *
- * `/api/health` is exempt so the Docker liveness probe never trips the gate.
+ * Tunables come from the anti-DDoS config (env boot defaults, live-overridden
+ * by the admin panel via Redis). `/api/health` is exempt so the Docker
+ * liveness probe never trips the gate.
  */
 export async function enforceDdosRateLimit(
 	req: NextRequest,
 ): Promise<DdosDecision> {
 	if (!isEnabled()) return { outcome: "pass" };
+	const config = await getAntiddosConfig();
+	if (!config.enabled) return { outcome: "pass" };
 
 	const pathname = req.nextUrl.pathname;
 	if (pathname === "/api/health") return { outcome: "pass" };
@@ -94,7 +68,7 @@ export async function enforceDdosRateLimit(
 			if ((await redis.get(blockKey)) !== null) {
 				return {
 					outcome: "block",
-					retryAfterSeconds: blockTtlForViolations(0),
+					retryAfterSeconds: blockTtlForViolations(0, config.blockTiers),
 				};
 			}
 		} catch {
@@ -104,11 +78,11 @@ export async function enforceDdosRateLimit(
 
 	const global = await rateLimit(
 		"antiddos:global:all",
-		GLOBAL_LIMIT.limit,
-		GLOBAL_LIMIT.windowSeconds * 1000,
+		config.global.limit,
+		config.global.windowSeconds * 1000,
 	);
 	if (!global.ok) {
-		globalHaltedUntil = now + GLOBAL_HALT_MS;
+		globalHaltedUntil = now + config.globalHaltMs;
 		return {
 			outcome: "block",
 			retryAfterSeconds: Math.max(global.retryAfter, 1),
@@ -117,7 +91,7 @@ export async function enforceDdosRateLimit(
 	if (globalHaltedUntil !== 0) globalHaltedUntil = 0;
 
 	const category = classifyDdos(pathname);
-	const rule = DEFAULT_LIMITS[category];
+	const rule = config[category];
 	const bucket = await rateLimit(
 		`antiddos:${category}:${ip}`,
 		rule.limit,
@@ -131,10 +105,12 @@ export async function enforceDdosRateLimit(
 			const counterKey = `antiddos:v:${ip}`;
 			violations = await redis.incr(counterKey);
 			if (violations === 1) {
-				await redis.pexpire(counterKey, VIOLATION_COUNTER_TTL_SECONDS * 1000);
+				await redis.pexpire(counterKey, config.violationWindowSeconds * 1000);
+			}
+			const ttl = blockTtlForViolations(violations, config.blockTiers);
+			if (violations >= config.maxViolations) {
+				await redis.set(blockKey, "1", "EX", ttl);
 			}
-			const ttl = blockTtlForViolations(violations);
-			await redis.set(blockKey, "1", "EX", ttl);
 			return { outcome: "block", retryAfterSeconds: ttl };
 		} catch {
 			// fail-open — Redis merely unavailable; in-process buckets still shed.